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Diabetes and interventions

Diabetes is another major issue in the US and worldwide as every year the rate is increasing as there are 34.2 million diabetic patients with 7.3 million undiagnosed diabetic patients (CDC, 2021). Thus, preventive and management diabetic interventions should be considered. This is an important condition as diabetes will lead to cardiovascular conditions such as heart attack or arrest (Mathews et al., 2017). The Healthy People 2030 document proposes and recommends intensive lifestyle interventions with nutrition and self-management as key interventions (Health.gov, 2020). 

Self-management through education and diabetes self-management education (DSME) is a professional intervention where nurses, patients, physicians, nutritionists, and other professionals collaborate to educate patients to prepare for a patient-centered lifestyle (Lepard et al., 2017). The intervention includes medication taking, self-monitoring (Carpenter et al., 2019), diet, exercise, and the appropriate use of health services (Glazier et al., 2016). 

The process can be implemented in two months where the first months will be used for patient education and promoting healthy lifestyles in the community. The process then moves to creating and implementing culture-based, patient-centered, and socioeconomic-based interventions to reduce obesity and diabetes in the community (Health.gov, 2020). The three major community resources are the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, local health and nutrition services, and medical clinics. 

Capella University NURS FPX 4050 Assessment 4 Final Care Coordination Plan

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Ethical decisions in designing patient-centered health interventions

Designing and implementing a final care coordinated plan to treat, prevent, and manage conditions can be beneficial, but it may not be in every patient’s interest as there will be different circumstances and issues, which can result in ethical conflicts and the need for ethical decision-making to fulfill the quality care and health care access obligations. For example, both intravenous thrombolytic treatment and endovascular intervention suit the patient to treat the stroke, but patients prefer urgent carotid interventions within 48 hours of occurrence as some studies and physicians recommend it over others. In such cases, the conflict between a patient’s wish, the availability of evidence, and the patient’s well-being creates conflicts. 

Similarly, high-intensity workout might not suit certain patients who have lung issues and problems of asthma. In this case, questions such as whether to completely change the intervention or modify it and test the intervention despite its possible negative effects, but the high possibility of positive outcomes create conflicts in ethical decision-making (DeCamp et al., 2017). In the case of diabetes, the use of culture-based treatment such as the use of a non-protein-rich diet can lead to complexities. The question of whether to respect a patient’s choice to stick to cultural needs creates ethical decision-making issues (Lulé et al., 2019). 

Also, some cannot afford quality nutrition due to socioeconomic conditions. Thus, it is important to address these questions by adopting an ethical decision-making process based on patient-centered, culture-based, best-quality, and affordable care (Lulé et al., 2019). In such situations, ethical aspects of respect for persons, nonmaleficence or beneficence, and justice should be followed (DeCamp et al., 2017).